Adaptive Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials with Urn Allocation

This work combines the Urn allocation and O’Brien Fleming multiple testing procedure to compare two treatments in clinical trials a novel way. It is shown that this approach overcomes constraints previously made it challenging apply original adaptive design trials. The method provides unique flexibility, enabling be stopped early if one treatment shows superior without compromising efficiency of terms type I error rate power. Experimental data simulated case examples are used illustrate efficacy robustness its potential for usage variety settings.